Reactive oxygen and mechanisms of inflammatory liver injury: Present concepts

Liver cell death induced by stresses such as ischemia-reperfusion, cholestasis and drug toxicity can trigger a sterile inflammatory response with activation of innate immune cells through release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). A similar inflammatory response can be induced by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) such as endotoxin. Both DAMPs and PAMPs activate through toll-like receptors the resident macrophages (Kupffer cells) and recruit activated neutrophils and monocytes into the liver. Central to this inflammatory response is promotion of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation by these phagocytes. ROS are the principal toxic mediators by which inflammatory cells kill their…

• NI
  National Institutes of Health

  Awards: RR016475, R01 DK070195, RR021940, P20 RR016475, DK070195, R01 DK070195 and R01 AA12916, P20 RR021940, AA12916, R01 AA12916
• NC
  National Center for Research Resources

  Awards: RR021940, RR016475, P20 RR016475, P20 RR021940