Structure, regulation and evolution of Nox‐family NADPH oxidases that produce reactive oxygen species

NADPH oxidases of the Nox family exist in various supergroups of eukaryotes but not in prokaryotes, and play crucial roles in a variety of biological processes, such as host defense, signal transduction, and hormone synthesis. In conjunction with NADPH oxidation, Nox enzymes reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide as a primary product, and this is further converted to various reactive oxygen species. The electron-transferring system in Nox is composed of the C-terminal cytoplasmic region homologous to the prokaryotic (and organelle) enzyme ferredoxin reductase and the N-terminal six transmembrane segments containing two hemes, a structure similar to that of cytochrome b of the mitochondrial bc(1) complex. During…

• MO
  Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology

  Award: CREST
• JS
  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

  Award: CREST
• JS
  Japan Science and Technology Agency

  Award: CREST
• CR
  Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology