The Ordinal Effects of Ostracism: A Meta-Analysis of 120 Cyberball Studies
Tilburg University · Purdue University West Lafayette
Abstract
We examined 120 Cyberball studies (N = 11,869) to determine the effect size of ostracism and conditions under which the effect may be reversed, eliminated, or small. Our analyses showed that (1) the average ostracism effect is large (d > |1.4|) and (2) generalizes across structural aspects (number of players, ostracism duration, number of tosses, type of needs scale), sampling aspects (gender, age, country), and types of dependent measure (interpersonal, intrapersonal, fundamental needs). Further, we test Williams's (2009) proposition that the immediate impact of ostracism is resistant to moderation, but that moderation is more likely to be observed in delayed measures. Our findings suggest that (3) both first…
Citation impact
- FWCI
- 45.88
- Percentile
- 100%
- References
- 57
Authors
4Topics & keywords
- Ostracism
- Moderation
- Psychology
- Intrapersonal communication
- Social psychology
- Interpersonal communication
- Scale (ratio)
- Ordinal Scale
- Gender equality