reviewJournal of Biological ChemistryJul 30, 2014FRHYBRID OA

Molecular Mechanisms of Cellular Cholesterol Efflux

MCMichael C. Phillips

Translational Therapeutics (United States) · University of Pennsylvania

PubMed
Indexed incrossrefdoajpubmed

Abstract

Most types of cells in the body do not express the capability of catabolizing cholesterol, so cholesterol efflux is essential for homeostasis. For instance, macrophages possess four pathways for exporting free (unesterified) cholesterol to extracellular high density lipoprotein (HDL). The passive processes include simple diffusion via the aqueous phase and facilitated diffusion mediated by scavenger receptor class B, type 1 (SR-BI). Active pathways are mediated by the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1, which are membrane lipid translocases. The efflux of cellular phospholipid and free cholesterol to apolipoprotein A-I promoted by ABCA1 is essential for HDL biogenesis. Current…

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Topics & keywords

Topics
Keywords
  • ABCA1
  • Scavenger receptor
  • Efflux
  • ABCG1
  • Cholesterol
  • ATP-binding cassette transporter
  • Biochemistry
  • Reverse cholesterol transport
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