Giving structure to the biofilm matrix: an overview of individual strategies and emerging common themes

Biofilms are communities of microbial cells that underpin diverse processes including sewage bioremediation, plant growth promotion, chronic infections and industrial biofouling. The cells resident in the biofilm are encased within a self-produced exopolymeric matrix that commonly comprises lipids, proteins that frequently exhibit amyloid-like properties, eDNA and exopolysaccharides. This matrix fulfils a variety of functions for the community, from providing structural rigidity and protection from the external environment to controlling gene regulation and nutrient adsorption. Critical to the development of novel strategies to control biofilm infections, or the capability to capitalize on the power of biofilm…

• WT
  Wellcome Trust
• DF
  Directorate for Biological Sciences
• EA
  Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council

  Awards: EP/J007404, J007404, EP/J007404/1, EP/J007404/1
• BA
  Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council

  Awards: BB/I019464/1, BB/L006804/1, BB/L006979/1