Enzymes as Working or Inspirational Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cells and Electrolysis

A review on the recent developments of fuel cells in which the catalysts are isolated enzymes is given as well as the cells in which the reaction is catalyzed by merely using one electrode. This is because using a simple Pt catalyst for O2 reduction is still common. Enzyme electrodes are classified in which the transfer of electrons between the enzyme and the electrode is direct and for the mediator that has been used to carry electrons. A highlight is given on the enzyme fuel cells regarding that energy in biology is related with redox reactions and that enzymes are biology's electrocatalysts.