Experimental criteria for steering and the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox

We formally link the concept of steering (a concept created by Schr\"odinger but only recently formalized by Wiseman, Jones, and Doherty [Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 140402 (2007)]) and the criteria for demonstrations of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox introduced by Reid [Phys. Rev. A 40, 913 (1989)]. We develop a general theory of experimental EPR-steering criteria, derive a number of criteria applicable to discrete as well as continuous-variable observables, and study their efficacy in detecting that form of nonlocality in some classes of quantum states. We show that previous versions of EPR-type criteria can be rederived within this formalism, thus unifying these efforts from a modern quantum-information…