Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders With Aquaporin-4 and Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibodies

Most patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and many with NMO spectrum disorder have autoantibodies against aquaporin-4 (AQP4-Abs), but recently, myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOG-Abs) have been found in some patients. Here, we showed that patients with NMO/NMOSD with MOG-Abs demonstrate differences when compared with patients with AQP4-Abs.

To characterize the features of patients with NMO/NMOSD with MOG-Abs and compare them with patients with AQP4-Ab-positive NMO/NMOSD. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This observational study was conducted at a single UK specialist center for NMO. Patients with a first demyelinating event between January 1, 2010, and April 1, 2013, seen within the Oxford NMO service and who tested positive for MOG-Abs or AQP4-Abs were included in the study. EXPOSURE: Cell-based assays using C-terminal-truncated human MOG and full-length M23-AQP4 were used to test patient serum samples for AQP4-Abs and MOG-Abs. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Demographic, clinical, and disability data, and magnetic resonance imaging findings.