Cytochrome P450 enzymes in drug metabolism: Regulation of gene expression, enzyme activities, and impact of genetic variation
Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology · University of Tübingen
Abstract
Cytochromes P450 (CYP) are a major source of variability in drug pharmacokinetics and response. Of 57 putatively functional human CYPs only about a dozen enzymes, belonging to the CYP1, 2, and 3 families, are responsible for the biotransformation of most foreign substances including 70-80% of all drugs in clinical use. The highest expressed forms in liver are CYPs 3A4, 2C9, 2C8, 2E1, and 1A2, while 2A6, 2D6, 2B6, 2C19 and 3A5 are less abundant and CYPs 2J2, 1A1, and 1B1 are mainly expressed extrahepatically. Expression of each CYP is influenced by a unique combination of mechanisms and factors including genetic polymorphisms, induction by xenobiotics, regulation by cytokines, hormones and during disease…
Citation impact
- FWCI
- 223.48
- Percentile
- 100%
- References
- 634
Authors
2Topics & keywords
- Drug metabolism
- Cytochrome P450
- CYP3A4
- Pharmacogenetics
- Biology
- Isozyme
- In silico
- CYP2C19
- No poverty