Minireview: Gut Microbiota: The Neglected Endocrine Organ

The concept that the gut microbiota serves as a virtual endocrine organ arises from a number of important observations. Evidence for a direct role arises from its metabolic capacity to produce and regulate multiple compounds that reach the circulation and act to influence the function of distal organs and systems. For example, metabolism of carbohydrates results in the production of short-chain fatty acids, such as butyrate and propionate, which provide an important source of nutrients as well as regulatory control of the host digestive system. This influence over host metabolism is also seen in the ability of the prebiotic inulin to influence production of relevant hormones such as glucagon-like peptide-1,…

• BA
  Brain and Behavior Research Foundation

  Award: 20771
• P
  Pfizer
• MJ
  Mead Johnson Nutrition
• NA
  National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression

  Award: 20771
• HR
  Health Research Board

  Award: FP7/2007-2013
• SF
  Science Foundation Ireland

  Awards: SFI/12/RC/, 20771, SFI/12/RC/2273, 12/RC/2273, 12/RC/, 07/CE/B1368, Grants SFI/12/RC/2273
• AH
  Alimentary Health