Mathematical Population Genetics

One of the aims of population genetics is to explain how the genetic variation within and between biological populations is generated and maintained. Population genetics theory describes the change in the genetic composition of populations under the influence of various evolutionary processes such as genetic drift, mutation, selection, recombination, and migration. Elements of randomness turn out to be essential in the modelling of these processes. Random genetic drift, for example, is a consequence of the fact that, even without fitness differences, some individuals may, by chance, have more offspring than others, so that the offspring of one genotype may displace another. The basic processes of evolution are…