Multi-stimuli responsive macromolecules and their assemblies

In this review, we outline examples that illustrate the design criteria for achieving macromolecular assemblies that incorporate a combination of two or more chemical, physical or biological stimuli-responsive components. Progress in both fundamental investigation into the phase transformations of these polymers in response to multiple stimuli and their utilization in a variety of practical applications are highlighted. Using these examples, we aim to explain the origin of employed mechanisms of stimuli responsiveness which may serve as a guideline to inspire future design of multi-stimuli responsive materials.

• NS
  National Science Foundation
• CF
  Center for Hierarchical Manufacturing, National Science Foundation
• NI
  National Institutes of Health
• OO
  Office of Science
• NI
  National Institute of General Medical Sciences
• DO
  Division of Materials Research