Statistical Analysis of Yield Trials by AMMI and GGE

The Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) model, Genotype main effects and Genotype × Environment interaction (GGE) model, and Principal Components Analysis (PCA) are singular value decomposition (SVD) based statistical analyses often applied to yield‐trial data. This paper presents a systematic comparison, using both statistical theory and empirical investigations, while considering both current practices and best practices. Agricultural researchers using these analyses face two inevitable choices. First is the choice of a model for visualizing data. AMMI is decidedly superior, not for statistical reasons, but rather for agricultural reasons. AMMI partitions the overall variation into…