articleProceedings of the National Academy of SciencesMay 5, 2014BRONZE OA

Extraordinary strain hardening by gradient structure

XWXiaolei WuPJPing JiangLCLiu ChenFYFuping YuanYZYuntian Zhu

Chinese Academy of Sciences · Institute of Mechanics · +2 more institutions

PubMed
Indexed incrossrefpubmed

Abstract

Gradient structures have evolved over millions of years through natural selection and optimization in many biological systems such as bones and plant stems, where the structures change gradually from the surface to interior. The advantage of gradient structures is their maximization of physical and mechanical performance while minimizing material cost. Here we report that the gradient structure in engineering materials such as metals renders a unique extra strain hardening, which leads to high ductility. The grain-size gradient under uniaxial tension induces a macroscopic strain gradient and converts the applied uniaxial stress to multiaxial stresses due to the evolution of incompatible deformation along the…

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1,280
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20.30
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100%
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28
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Authors

5

Topics & keywords

Topics
Keywords
  • Strain hardening exponent
  • Materials science
  • Hardening (computing)
  • Homogeneous
  • Temperature gradient
  • Strain rate
  • Composite material
  • Physics
UN Sustainable Development Goals
  • Life in Land
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