Biodegradation and Adsorption of Antibiotics in the Activated Sludge Process
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Abstract
The removal of 11 antibiotics of 6 classes, that is, two beta-lactams (ampicillin and cefalexin), two sulfonamides (sulfamethoxazole and sulfadiazine), three fluoroquinolones (norfloxacin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin), one tetracyclines (tetracycline), two macorlides (roxithromycin and anhydro-erythromycin), and one others (trimethoprim), in activated sludge process was investigated using two series of batch reactors treating freshwater and saline sewage respectively. At environmental relevant concentrations tested in this study, biodegradation and adsorption were the major removal routes for the target antibiotics, where volatilization and hydrolysis were neglectable. Among the 11 target antibiotics,…
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939
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Authors
2Topics & keywords
Topics
Keywords
- Chemistry
- Biodegradation
- Activated sludge
- Norfloxacin
- Cefalexin
- Roxithromycin
- Ciprofloxacin
- Environmental chemistry
UN Sustainable Development Goals
- Clean water and sanitation
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