Probiotics in aquaculture

Abstract Probiotics, which are micro‐organisms or their products with health benefit to the host, have found use in aquaculture as a means of disease control, supplementing or even in some cases replacing the use of antimicrobial compounds. A wide range of microalgae ( Tetraselmis ), yeasts ( Debaryomyces , Phaffia and Saccharomyces ) and Gram‐positive ( Bacillus , Carnobacterium , Enterococcus , Lactobacillus , Lactococcus , Micrococcus , Streptococcus and Weissella ) and Gram‐negative bacteria ( Aeromonas , Alteromonas , Photorhodobacterium , Pseudomonas and Vibrio ) has been evaluated. However, the mode of action of the probiotics is rarely investigated, but possibilities include competitive exclusion, i.e.…