Toward a Model for Assessing Level of Personality Functioning in DSM–5 , Part I: A Review of Theory and Methods

Personality disorders are associated with fundamental disturbances of self and interpersonal relations, problems that vary in severity within and across disorders. This review surveyed clinician-rated measures of personality psychopathology that focus on self–other dimensions to explore the feasibility and utility of constructing a scale of severity of impairment in personality functioning for DSM–5. Robust elements of the instruments were considered in creating a continuum of personality functioning based on aspects of identity, self-direction, empathy, and intimacy. Building on preliminary findings (Morey et al., 2011 Morey, L. C. 2005. “Personality pathology as pathological narcissism”. In World Psychiatric…