Decrease in Anogenital Distance among Male Infants with Prenatal Phthalate Exposure

Swan, Shanna H.; Main, Katharina M.; Liu, Fan; Stewart, Sara; Kruse, Robin L.; Calafat, Antonia M.; Mao, Catherine S.; Redmon, J. Bruce; Ternand, Christine; Sullivan, Shannon D.; Teague, J.Lynn; Team, the Study for Future Families Research

doi:10.1289/ehp.8100

articleEnvironmental Health PerspectivesMay 23, 2005DIAMOND OA

Decrease in Anogenital Distance among Male Infants with Prenatal Phthalate Exposure

SHShanna H. Swan KMKatharina M. Main FLFan Liu SSSara Stewart RLRobin L. Kruse

University of Minnesota Rochester · University of Rochester · +13 more institutions

PubMed

Indexed incrossrefdoajpubmed

Abstract

Prenatal phthalate exposure impairs testicular function and shortens anogenital distance (AGD) in male rodents. We present data from the first study to examine AGD and other genital measurements in relation to prenatal phthalate exposure in humans. A standardized measure of AGD was obtained in 134 boys 2-36 months of age. AGD was significantly correlated with penile volume (R = 0.27, p = 0.001) and the proportion of boys with incomplete testicular descent (R = 0.20, p = 0.02). We defined the anogenital index (AGI) as AGD divided by weight at examination [AGI = AGD/weight (mm/kg)] and calculated the age-adjusted AGI by regression analysis. We examined nine phthalate monoester metabolites, measured in prenatal…

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Topics & keywords

Topics

Keywords

Phthalate
Anogenital distance
Quartile
Urine
Odds ratio
Confidence interval
Physiology
Medicine

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