Macromolecules in Ionic Liquids: Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities

Ionic liquids (ILs) are ambient temperature molten salts and have attracted considerable attention because of their unique properties such as nonflammability, negligible volatility, high ionic conductivity, and thermal stability. Here, we show that the combinations of macromolecules with ILs as solvents and additives could offer new progress, challenges, and opportunities in polymer materials science. Compatible binary systems, where ILs are solidified (gelled) by polymers, can be used as ion-conducting polymer electrolytes (ion gels). The ion transport in ion gels is found to be decoupled from the segmental motion of the polymers, leading to relatively high ionic conductivities even at their glass transition…