Toward Numerical Modeling in the “Terra Incognita”

In mesoscale modeling the scale l of the energy- and flux-containing turbulence is much smaller than the scale Δ of the spatial filter used on the equations of motion, and in large-eddy simulation (LES) it is much larger. Since their models of the subfilter-scale (SFS) turbulence were not designed to be used when l and Δ are of the same order, this numerical region can be called the “terra incognita.” The most common SFS model, a scalar eddy diffusivity acting on the filtered fields, emerges from the conservation equations for SFS fluxes when several terms, including all but one of the production terms, are neglected. Analysis of data from the recent Horizontal Array Turbulence Study (HATS) shows that the…