Molecular Engineering of the Band Gap of π‐Conjugated Systems: Facing Technological Applications

Abstract For almost two decades, the search of an intrinsically‐conductive organic metal has represented the major driving force for research on control of the band gap of extended π‐conjugated systems. However, the emergence of the application of π‐conjugated oligomers and polymers in field‐effect transistors, light‐emitting diodes, electrochromic devices and solar cells has introduced major changes in the chemistry of gap engineering. Besides controlled band gap, active materials for electronic and photonic applications must present appropriate absorption and/or emission properties, highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO and LUMO) energy levels and charge‐transport properties. The aim…