The causal relation between human papillomavirus and cervical cancer

The causal role of human papillomavirus infections in cervical cancer has been documented beyond reasonable doubt. The association is present in virtually all cervical cancer cases worldwide. It is the right time for medical societies and public health regulators to consider this evidence and to define its preventive and clinical implications. A comprehensive review of key studies and results is presented.

• JH
  Johns Hopkins University
• MU
  McGill University
• LI
  Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research
• IC
  Imperial College London
• NI
  National Institutes of Health
• CF
  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
• NC
  National Cancer Institute