Lithium–Sulfur Cells: The Gap between the State‐of‐the‐Art and the Requirements for High Energy Battery Cells

Li–S cells are considered a highly attractive electrochemical storage system, especially due to their high potential gravimetric energy density. The long‐term target of all Li–S research activities must be to outperform state‐of‐the‐art Li‐ion cells. A current benchmark is the Panasonic NCR18650B, which has a gravimetric energy density of ≈240 Wh kg −1 and several hundred relatively stable cycles. The possible 18650 Li–S cell energies and cell costs are calculated for various sulfur loads, sulfur utilizations, and electrolyte/sulfur ratios with the aim of determining the cell and electrode property values required to outperform the NCR18650B. These values are compared with statistical information obtained from…

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  Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft