reviewJournal of Lipid ResearchOct 24, 2008HYBRID OA

Cyclooxygenases: structural and functional insights

CACarol A. RouzerLJLawrence J. Marnett

Vanderbilt University

PubMed
Indexed incrossrefdoajpubmed

Abstract

Cyclooxygenase (COX; prostaglandin G/H synthase, EC 1.14.99.1) catalyzes the first two steps in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins (PGs). The two COX isoforms COX-1 and COX-2 are the targets of the widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, indicating a role for these enzymes in pain, fever, inflammation, and tumorigenesis. The ubiquitous constitutive expression of COX-1 and inducible expression of COX-2 have led to the widely held belief that COX-1 produces homeostatic PGs, while PGs produced by COX-2 are primarily pathophysiological. However, recent discoveries call this paradigm into question and reveal as yet underappreciated functions for both enzymes. This review focuses on some of these new…

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663
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Authors

2

Topics & keywords

Topics
Keywords
  • Cyclooxygenase
  • Gene isoform
  • Enzyme
  • Prostaglandin
  • Carcinogenesis
  • Inflammation
  • Prostaglandin H2
  • Homeostasis
UN Sustainable Development Goals
  • Good health and well-being
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