New horizons in tumor microenvironment biology: challenges and opportunities

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is being increasingly recognized as a key factor in multiple stages of disease progression, particularly local resistance, immune-escaping, and distant metastasis, thereby substantially impacting the future development of frontline interventions in clinical oncology. An appropriate understanding of the TME promotes evaluation and selection of candidate agents to control malignancies at both the primary sites as well as the metastatic settings. This review presents a timely outline of research advances in TME biology and highlights the prospect of targeting the TME as a critical strategy to overcome acquired resistance, prevent metastasis, and improve therapeutic efficacy. As…

• UD
  U.S. Department of Defense

  Award: PC111703
• UO
  University of Washington

  Award: WA 98195
• NN
  National Natural Science Foundation of China

  Awards: 81330046, 81472709
• CA
  Chinese Academy of Sciences

  Awards: 215123, XDA01040107, XDA01040110
• SU
  Soochow University

  Award: 215123
• SR
  Shanghai Rising-Star Program
• DF
  Directorate for Biological Sciences
• SO
  School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
• CD
  Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs