articlePhysics TodayJul 1, 2005BRONZE OA

The Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics of Small Systems

CBCarlos BustamanteJLJan LiphardtFRFelix Ritort

University of California, Berkeley · Universitat de Barcelona

Indexed inarxivcrossref

Abstract

The interactions of tiny objects with their environments are dominated by thermal fluctuations. Guided by theory and assisted by new micromanipulation tools, scientists have begun to study such interactions in detail.

Citation impact

630
total citations
FWCI
27.86
Percentile
100%
References
20
Citations per year

Authors

3
  • CB
    Carlos BustamanteCorresponding

    University of California, Berkeley

  • JL
    Jan Liphardt

    University of California, Berkeley

  • FR
    Felix Ritort

    Universitat de Barcelona

Topics & keywords

Topics
Keywords
  • Non-equilibrium thermodynamics
  • Thermal
  • Thermal physics
  • Complex system
  • Thermal equilibrium
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