Oxidative stress in end-stage renal disease: an emerging threat to patient outcome

Patients affected by end-stage renal disease (ESRD) experience an excess of morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular disease (CVD), which cannot be fully explained by the classical CVD risk factors. Among emerging CVD risk factors, oxidative stress is currently being given emphasis.

We achieved a consensus on key points relating to oxidative stress in ESRD patients.