Persistent epigenetic differences associated with prenatal exposure to famine in humans

Extensive epidemiologic studies have suggested that adult disease risk is associated with adverse environmental conditions early in development. Although the mechanisms behind these relationships are unclear, an involvement of epigenetic dysregulation has been hypothesized. Here we show that individuals who were prenatally exposed to famine during the Dutch Hunger Winter in 1944-45 had, 6 decades later, less DNA methylation of the imprinted IGF2 gene compared with their unexposed, same-sex siblings. The association was specific for periconceptional exposure, reinforcing that very early mammalian development is a crucial period for establishing and maintaining epigenetic marks. These data are the first to…

• EC
  European Commission

  Award: FP6 036894
• UL
  Universiteit Leiden
• NO
  Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
• LU
  Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum
• NI
  National Institutes of Health