reviewPhysiological ReviewsJul 1, 2013GREEN OA

11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases: Intracellular Gate-Keepers of Tissue Glucocorticoid Action

KEKaren E. ChapmanMCMegan C. HolmesJRJonathan R. Seckl

The Queen's Medical Research Institute · University of Edinburgh

PubMed
Indexed incrossrefpubmed

Abstract

Glucocorticoid action on target tissues is determined by the density of "nuclear" receptors and intracellular metabolism by the two isozymes of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD) which catalyze interconversion of active cortisol and corticosterone with inert cortisone and 11-dehydrocorticosterone. 11β-HSD type 1, a predominant reductase in most intact cells, catalyzes the regeneration of active glucocorticoids, thus amplifying cellular action. 11β-HSD1 is widely expressed in liver, adipose tissue, muscle, pancreatic islets, adult brain, inflammatory cells, and gonads. 11β-HSD1 is selectively elevated in adipose tissue in obesity where it contributes to metabolic complications. Similarly, 11β-HSD1 is…

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Authors

3

Topics & keywords

Topics
Keywords
  • Endocrinology
  • Internal medicine
  • Glucocorticoid
  • Mineralocorticoid
  • Biology
  • 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1
  • Corticosterone
  • Aldosterone
UN Sustainable Development Goals
  • Good health and well-being
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