Clinical Care Guidelines for Cystic Fibrosis–Related Diabetes

Ystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) is the most common comorbidity in people with cystic fibrosis (CF), occurring in 20% of adolescents and 40 -50% of adults (1). While it shares features of type 1 and type 2 diabetes, CFRD is a distinct clinical entity. It is primarily caused by insulin insufficiency, although fluctuating levels of insulin resistance related to acute and chronic illness also play a role. The additional diagnosis of CFRD has a negative impact on pulmonary function and survival in CF, and this risk disproportionately affects women (2-4). In contrast to patients with other types of diabetes, there are no documented cases of death from atherosclerotic vascular disease in patients with CFRD,…