Fathers' involvement and children's developmental outcomes: a systematic review of longitudinal studies

This systematic review aims to describe longitudinal evidence on the effects of father involvement on children's developmental outcomes.

Father involvement was conceptualized as accessibility (cohabitation), engagement, responsibility or other complex measures of involvement. Both biological fathers and father figures were included. We searched all major databases from the first dates. Data on father involvement had to be generated at least 1 year before measuring offspring outcomes.