The PANTHER database of protein families, subfamilies, functions and pathways

PANTHER is a large collection of protein families that have been subdivided into functionally related subfamilies, using human expertise. These subfamilies model the divergence of specific functions within protein families, allowing more accurate association with function (ontology terms and pathways), as well as inference of amino acids important for functional specificity. Hidden Markov models (HMMs) are built for each family and subfamily for classifying additional protein sequences. The latest version, 5.0, contains 6683 protein families, divided into 31,705 subfamilies, covering approximately 90% of mammalian protein-coding genes. PANTHER 5.0 includes a number of significant improvements over previous…