The extracellular matrix and transforming growth factor-β1: Tale of a strained relationship

Physiological tissue repair aims at restoring the mechano-protective properties of the extracellular matrix. Consequently, redundant regulatory mechanisms are in place ensuring that tissue remodeling terminates once matrix homeostasis is re-established. If these mechanisms fail, stromal cells become continuously activated, accumulate excessive amounts of stiff matrix, and fibrosis develops. In this mini-review, I develop the hypothesis that the mechanical state of the extracellular matrix and the pro-fibrotic transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 cooperate to regulate the remodeling activities of stromal cells. TGF-β1 is stored in the matrix as part of a large latent complex and can be activated by cell…

• CF
  Canada Foundation for Innovation

  Award: 26653
• CI
  Canadian Institutes of Health Research

  Awards: 286720, 286920, 210820, 413783, 1004005, 497202