Global nitrogen budgets in cereals: A 50-year assessment for maize, rice and wheat production systems
International Rice Research Institute · University of Nebraska–Lincoln · +6 more institutions
Abstract
Industrially produced N-fertilizer is essential to the production of cereals that supports current and projected human populations. We constructed a top-down global N budget for maize, rice, and wheat for a 50-year period (1961 to 2010). Cereals harvested a total of 1551 Tg of N, of which 48% was supplied through fertilizer-N and 4% came from net soil depletion. An estimated 48% (737 Tg) of crop N, equal to 29, 38, and 25 kg ha(-1) yr(-1) for maize, rice, and wheat, respectively, is contributed by sources other than fertilizer- or soil-N. Non-symbiotic N2 fixation appears to be the major source of this N, which is 370 Tg or 24% of total N in the crop, corresponding to 13, 22, and 13 kg ha(-1) yr(-1) for maize,…
Citation impact
- FWCI
- 27.23
- Percentile
- 100%
- References
- 44
Authors
10- JKJ. K. LadhaCorresponding
International Rice Research Institute
- ATAgnes Tirol‐Padre
International Rice Research Institute
- CRChandra Reddy
International Rice Research Institute
- KGKenneth G. Cassman
University of Nebraska–Lincoln
- SVSudhir Verma
Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry
Topics & keywords
- Agronomy
- Production (economics)
- Nitrogen
- Poaceae
- Biology
- Environmental science
- Biotechnology
- Chemistry