reviewAntioxidants and Redox SignalingMay 26, 2016HYBRID OA

The Role of Oxidative Stress and Hypoxia in Pancreatic Beta-Cell Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus

PAPhilipp A. GerberGAGuy A. Rutter

University Hospital of Zurich · Genomics England · +1 more institution

PubMed
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Abstract

Significance: Metabolic syndrome is a frequent precursor of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), a disease that currently affects ∼8% of the adult population worldwide. Pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction and loss are central to the disease process, although understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms is still fragmentary. Recent Advances: Oversupply of nutrients, including glucose and fatty acids, and the subsequent overstimulation of beta cells, are believed to be an important contributor to insulin secretory failure in T2D. Hypoxia has also recently been implicated in beta-cell damage. Accumulating evidence points to a role for oxidative stress in both processes. Although the production of reactive oxygen…

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Topics & keywords

Topics
Keywords
  • Oxidative stress
  • Diabetes mellitus
  • Endocrinology
  • Internal medicine
  • Biology
  • Insulin resistance
  • Beta cell
  • Metabolic syndrome
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