Oligodendrocyte heterogeneity in the mouse juvenile and adult central nervous system

Oligodendrocytes have been considered as a functionally homogeneous population in the central nervous system (CNS). We performed single-cell RNA sequencing on 5072 cells of the oligodendrocyte lineage from 10 regions of the mouse juvenile and adult CNS. Thirteen distinct populations were identified, 12 of which represent a continuum from Pdgfra(+) oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) to distinct mature oligodendrocytes. Initial stages of differentiation were similar across the juvenile CNS, whereas subsets of mature oligodendrocytes were enriched in specific regions in the adult brain. Newly formed oligodendrocytes were detected in the adult CNS and were responsive to complex motor learning. A second…

• NS
  National Science Foundation
• HF
  Human Frontier Science Program
• W
  Wellcome

  Awards: 100269/Z/12/Z, 108726/Z/15/Z
• NN
  Novo Nordisk UK Research Foundation
• SF
  Stiftelsen för Strategisk Forskning
• NN
  National Natural Science Foundation of China

  Award: 31471013
• C
  Cancerfonden
• KI
  Karolinska Institutet
• V
  Vetenskapsrådet
• SF
  Seventh Framework Programme

  Award: GA-2012-600394
• NS
  Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
• BA
  Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council

  Awards: BB/L003236/1, BB/L003236/1
• DO
  Division of Graduate Education
• HE
  H2020 European Research Council

  Awards: 293544, 261063