Messenger RNA modifications: Form, distribution, and function

RNA contains more than 100 distinct modifications that promote the functions of stable noncoding RNAs in translation and splicing. Recent technical advances have revealed widespread and sparse modification of messenger RNAs with N(6)-methyladenosine (m(6)A), 5-methylcytosine (m(5)C), and pseudouridine (Ψ). Here we discuss the rapidly evolving understanding of the location, regulation, and function of these dynamic mRNA marks, collectively termed the epitranscriptome. We highlight differences among modifications and between species that could instruct ongoing efforts to understand how specific mRNA target sites are selected and how their modification is regulated. Diverse molecular consequences of individual…

• NS
  National Science Foundation
• AC
  American Cancer Society

  Award: RSG-13-396-01-RMC
• NI
  National Institutes of Health

  Awards: T32GM007287, GM101316, CA187236