A Wearable Electrochemical Platform for Noninvasive Simultaneous Monitoring of Ca 2+ and pH

Homeostasis of ionized calcium in biofluids is critical for human biological functions and organ systems. Measurement of ionized calcium for clinical applications is not easily accessible due to its strict procedures and dependence on pH. pH balance in body fluids greatly affects metabolic reactions and biological transport systems. Here, we demonstrate a wearable electrochemical device for continuous monitoring of ionized calcium and pH of body fluids using a disposable and flexible array of Ca(2+) and pH sensors that interfaces with a flexible printed circuit board. This platform enables real-time quantitative analysis of these sensing elements in body fluids such as sweat, urine, and tears. Accuracy of…

• NS
  National Science Foundation

  Award: DE-AC02-05CH11231
• UD
  U.S. Department of Energy

  Awards: -AC02-05CH11231, 05CH11231, AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC02, DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC02-
• NI
  National Institutes of Health

  Awards: HG000205, P01 HG000205, DE-AC02-05CH11231
• OO
  Office of Science

  Awards: AC02-05CH11231, -AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC02
• NH
  National Human Genome Research Institute

  Award: P01 HG000205
• BE
  Basic Energy Sciences

  Awards: DE-AC02, AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC02-05CH11231, -AC02-05CH11231