TGF-β Signaling from Receptors to Smads

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and related growth factors are secreted pleiotropic factors that play critical roles in embryogenesis and adult tissue homeostasis by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, death, and migration. The TGF-β family members signal via heteromeric complexes of type I and type II receptors, which activate members of the Smad family of signal transducers. The main attribute of the TGF-β signaling pathway is context-dependence. Depending on the concentration and type of ligand, target tissue, and developmental stage, TGF-β family members transmit distinct signals. Deregulation of TGF-β signaling contributes to developmental defects and human diseases. More than a decade of…

• AH
  American Heart Association
• FL
  Fondation Leducq
• NN
  National Natural Science Foundation of China

  Awards: 31330049, 91519310
• NK
  National Key Research and Development Program of China

  Awards: 31330049, 2013CB933700
• NH
  National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute