Methods for cleaning the BOLD fMRI signal

Blood oxygen-level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD fMRI) has rapidly become a popular technique for the investigation of brain function in healthy individuals, patients as well as in animal studies. However, the BOLD signal arises from a complex mixture of neuronal, metabolic and vascular processes, being therefore an indirect measure of neuronal activity, which is further severely corrupted by multiple non-neuronal fluctuations of instrumental, physiological or subject-specific origin. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of existing methods for cleaning the BOLD fMRI signal. The description is given from a methodological point of view, focusing on the operation of the…

• UD
  U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
• MD
  Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad

  Awards: SEV-2015-490, PSI 2013–42343
• NI
  National Institutes of Health

  Award: ZICMH002888
• NI
  National Institute of Mental Health

  Award: ZICMH002888
• NI
  National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

  Award: ZICMH002888