articleIEEE Transactions on Green Communications and NetworkingNov 6, 2017GREEN OA

On the Total Energy Efficiency of Cell-Free Massive MIMO

HQHien Quoc NgoLTLe‐Nam TranTQTrung Q. DuongMMMichail MatthaiouEGErik G. Larsson

Queen's University Belfast · University College Dublin · +1 more institution

Indexed inarxivcrossref

Abstract

We consider the cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) downlink, where a very large number of distributed multiple-antenna access points (APs) serve many single-antenna users in the same time-frequency resource. A simple (distributed) conjugate beamforming scheme is applied at each AP via the use of local channel state information (CSI). This CSI is acquired through time-division duplex operation and the reception of uplink training signals transmitted by the users. We derive a closed-form expression for the spectral efficiency taking into account the effects of channel estimation errors and power control. This closed-form result enables us to analyze the effects of backhaul power consumption,…

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Topics & keywords

Topics
Keywords
  • Efficient energy use
  • MIMO
  • Computer science
  • Spectral efficiency
  • Beamforming
  • Telecommunications link
  • Channel state information
  • Power control
UN Sustainable Development Goals
  • Affordable and clean energy
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