The NASA Twins Study: A multidimensional analysis of a year-long human spaceflight

Garrett-Bakelman, Francine E.; Darshi, Manjula; Green, Stefan J.; Gur, Ruben C.; Lin, Ling; Macias, Brandon R.; McKenna, Miles J.; Meydan, Cem; Mishra, Tejaswini; Nasrini, Jad; Piening, Brian; Rizzardi, Lindsay F.; Sharma, Kumar; Siamwala, Jamila H.; Taylor, Lynn; Vitaterna, Martha Hotz; Afkarian, Maryam; Afshinnekoo, Ebrahim; Ahadi, Sara; Ambati, Aditya; Arya, Maneesh; Bezdan, Daniela; Callahan, Colin M.; Chen, Songjie; Choi, Augustine M.K.; Chlipala, George E.; Contrepois, Kévin; Covington, Marisa D.; Crucian, Brian; Vivo, Immaculata De; Dinges, David F.; Ebert, Douglas; Feinberg, Jason I.; Gandara, Jorge; George, K.; Goutsias, John; Grills, George S.; Hargens, Alan R.; Heer, Martina; Hillary, Ryan P.; Hoofnagle, Andrew N.; Hook, Vivian; Jenkinson, Garrett; Jiang, Peng; Keshavarzian, Ali; Laurie, Steven S.; Lee‐McMullen, Brittany; Lumpkins, Sarah B.; MacKay, Matthew; Maienschein‐Cline, Mark; Melnick, Ari; Moore, Tyler M.; Nakahira, Kiichi; Patel, Hemal H.; Pietrzyk, Robert A.; Rao, Varsha; Saito, Rintaro; Salins, Denis; Schilling, Jan M.; Sears, Dorothy D.; Sheridan, Caroline; Stenger, Michael B.; Tryggvadóttir, Rakel; Urban, Alexander E.; Vaisar, Tomáš; Espen, Benjamin Van; Zhang, Jing; Ziegler, Michael G.; Zwart, Sara R.; Charles, John B.; Kundrot, Craig E.; Scott, Graham; Bailey, Susan M.; Basner, Mathias; Feinberg, Andrew P.; Lee, Stuart M. C.; Mason, Christopher E.; Mignot, Emmanuel; Rana, Brinda K.; Smith, Scott M.; Snyder, M; Turek, Fred W.

doi:10.1126/science.aau8650

articleScienceApr 12, 2019GREEN OA

The NASA Twins Study: A multidimensional analysis of a year-long human spaceflight

FEFrancine E. Garrett-Bakelman MDManjula Darshi SJStefan J. Green RCRuben C. Gur LLLing Lin

Cornell University · Weill Cornell Medicine · +23 more institutions

PubMed

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Abstract

To understand the health impact of long-duration spaceflight, one identical twin astronaut was monitored before, during, and after a 1-year mission onboard the International Space Station; his twin served as a genetically matched ground control. Longitudinal assessments identified spaceflight-specific changes, including decreased body mass, telomere elongation, genome instability, carotid artery distension and increased intima-media thickness, altered ocular structure, transcriptional and metabolic changes, DNA methylation changes in immune and oxidative stress-related pathways, gastrointestinal microbiota alterations, and some cognitive decline postflight. Although average telomere length, global gene…

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Topics

Keywords

Spaceflight
Telomere
Biology
DNA methylation
Genome instability
Gene
Microbiome
Genetics

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