Exploitation of glycosylation in enveloped virus pathobiology

Glycosylation is a ubiquitous post-translational modification responsible for a multitude of crucial biological roles. As obligate parasites, viruses exploit host-cell machinery to glycosylate their own proteins during replication. Viral envelope proteins from a variety of human pathogens including HIV-1, influenza virus, Lassa virus, SARS, Zika virus, dengue virus, and Ebola virus have evolved to be extensively glycosylated. These host-cell derived glycans facilitate diverse structural and functional roles during the viral life-cycle, ranging from immune evasion by glycan shielding to enhancement of immune cell infection. In this review, we highlight the imperative and auxiliary roles glycans play, and how…

• BA
  Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation

  Awards: OPP1084519, OPP1084519 and OPP1115782, OPP1115782, OPP1196345 to I.A.W., OPP1196345
• IA
  International AIDS Vaccine Initiative

  Awards: OPP1084519, OPP1115782, OPP1196345
• WT
  Wellcome Trust
• EC
  European Commission

  Award: 681137
• NI
  National Institutes of Health

  Awards: 1UM1AI100663, R56 AI127371
• MR
  Medical Research Council

  Awards: R56 AI127371 to I.A.W, 203141/Z/16/Z, MR/L009528/1, MR/L009528/1 to T.A.B
• H2
  Horizon 2020