reviewChemical Society ReviewsJan 1, 2019Closed access

Intercalation chemistry of graphite: alkali metal ions and beyond

YLYuqi LiYLYaxiang LuPAPhilipp AdelhelmMTMaria‐Magdalena TitiriciYHYong-Sheng Hu

Chinese Academy of Sciences · FZU ‒ Institute of Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic · +8 more institutions

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Abstract

Reversibly intercalating ions into host materials for electrochemical energy storage is the essence of the working principle of rocking-chair type batteries. The most relevant example is the graphite anode for rechargeable Li-ion batteries which has been commercialized in 1991 and still represents the benchmark anode in Li-ion batteries 30 years later. Learning from past lessons on alkali metal intercalation in graphite, recent breakthroughs in sodium and potassium intercalation in graphite have been demonstrated for Na-ion batteries and K-ion batteries. Interestingly, some significant differences proved to exist for the intercalation of Na+ and K+ into graphite compared with the Li+ case. Such different…

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Topics & keywords

Topics
Keywords
  • Intercalation (chemistry)
  • Alkali metal
  • Graphite
  • Ion
  • Chemistry
  • Inorganic chemistry
  • Solvent
  • Metal ions in aqueous solution
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