Human steroid biosynthesis, metabolism and excretion are differentially reflected by serum and urine steroid metabolomes: A comprehensive review

Advances in technology have allowed for the sensitive, specific, and simultaneous quantitative profiling of steroid precursors, bioactive steroids and inactive metabolites, facilitating comprehensive characterization of the serum and urine steroid metabolomes. The quantification of steroid panels is therefore gaining favor over quantification of single marker metabolites in the clinical and research laboratories. However, although the biochemical pathways for the biosynthesis and metabolism of steroid hormones are now well defined, a gulf still exists between this knowledge and its application to the measured steroid profiles. In this review, we present an overview of steroid hormone biosynthesis and…

• W
  Wellcome
• WT
  Wellcome Trust

  Awards: WT209492/Z/17/Z, Z/17/Z, Investigator Grant WT209492/Z/17/Z
• UH
  University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
• NI
  National Institute for Health and Care Research

  Award: BRC-1215-20009
• DO
  Department of Health and Social Care
• AO
  Academy of Medical Sciences

  Award: NAF004\1002
• UO
  University of Birmingham

  Award: BRC-1215-20009
• MR
  Medical Research Council

  Awards: MR/R017913/1, MR/R017913/1
• BB
  Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre

  Award: BRC-1215-20009