Bile acid receptors FXR and TGR5 signaling in fatty liver diseases and therapy

Bile acid synthesis is the most significant pathway for catabolism of cholesterol and for maintenance of whole body cholesterol homeostasis. Bile acids are physiological detergents that absorb, distribute, metabolize, and excrete nutrients, drugs, and xenobiotics. Bile acids also are signal molecules and metabolic integrators that activate nuclear farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and membrane Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5; i.e., G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1) to regulate glucose, lipid, and energy metabolism. The gut-to-liver axis plays a critical role in the transformation of primary bile acids to secondary bile acids, in the regulation of bile acid synthesis to maintain composition within the…

• NI
  National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases

  Awards: 44442, 58379