Plasma-activated water: generation, origin of reactive species and biological applications

Abstract Novel plasma-based technologies that offer maximum efficiency at minimal environmental costs are expected to further promote the sustainable societal and economic development. Unique transfer of chemical reactivity and energy from gaseous plasmas to water takes place in the absence of any other chemicals, but results in a product with a notable transient broad-spectrum biological activity, referred to as plasma-activated water (PAW). These features make PAW a green prospective solution for a wide range of biotechnology applications, from water purification to biomedicine. Here, we present a succinct review of how novel, efficient methods based on non-equilibrium reactive plasma chemistries can be…