ENIGMA and global neuroscience: A decade of large-scale studies of the brain in health and disease across more than 40 countries

This review summarizes the last decade of work by the ENIGMA (Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta Analysis) Consortium, a global alliance of over 1400 scientists across 43 countries, studying the human brain in health and disease. Building on large-scale genetic studies that discovered the first robustly replicated genetic loci associated with brain metrics, ENIGMA has diversified into over 50 working groups (WGs), pooling worldwide data and expertise to answer fundamental questions in neuroscience, psychiatry, neurology, and genetics. Most ENIGMA WGs focus on specific psychiatric and neurological conditions, other WGs study normal variation due to sex and gender differences, or development and aging;…

• DF
  Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

  Awards: ER724/4-1, WA1539/11-1
• NI
  National Institutes of Health

  Awards: R01 MH117601, APP1158127, S10 OD023696, R56 AG058854, K01 HD091283, EB020403, R01 MH116147, R01 MH111671, R01 NS107739, MH111671, U54 EB020403
• MR
  Medical Research Council

  Awards: MR/S020306/1, MR/R00465X/1, MR/L016311/1
• NH
  National Health and Medical Research Council

  Awards: APP1103623, APP1158127
• NI
  National Institute on Aging

  Awards: R56 AG058854, R01 AG059874
• NI
  National Institute of Mental Health

  Awards: R01 MH117601, R01 MH116147, R01 MH111671
• NI
  National Institute on Drug Abuse

  Award: R01 DA047119
• NI
  National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

  Award: R01 NS107739
• NI
  National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering

  Award: U54 EB020403