Targeting Inflammation Driven by HMGB1

High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a highly conserved, nuclear protein present in all cell types. It is a multi-facet protein exerting functions both inside and outside of cells. Extracellular HMGB1 has been extensively studied for its prototypical alarmin functions activating innate immunity, after being actively released from cells or passively released upon cell death. TLR4 and RAGE operate as the main HMGB1 receptors. Disulfide HMGB1 activates the TLR4 complex by binding to MD-2. The binding site is separate from that of LPS and it is now feasible to specifically interrupt HMGB1/TLR4 activation without compromising protective LPS/TLR4-dependent functions. Another important therapeutic strategy is…

• FF
  Foundation for the National Institutes of Health

  Awards: RO1AT005076, RO1GM063075, 1R35GM118182
• NI
  National Institutes of Health

  Awards: R01AT005076, R01GM063075
• NI
  National Institute of General Medical Sciences

  Awards: R01GM063075, 1R35GM118182, R01AT005076
• NC
  National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health

  Award: R01AT005076