Historical threads, missing links, and future directions in AI in education

Artificial intelligence has become a routine presence in everyday life.Accessing information over the Web, consuming news and entertainment, the performance of financial markets, the ways surveillance systems identify individuals, how drivers and pedestrians navigate, and how citizens receive welfare payments are among myriad examples of how AI has penetrated into human lives, social institutions, cultural practices, and political and economic processes.The effects of the algorithmic techniques employed to enable AI are far-reaching and have inspired considerable epochal hype and hope, as well as dystopian dread, although they remain largely opaque and weakly understood outside of the social networks of…